The tendency towards "authenticity" has been considered more than ever in developing countries, especially in Islamic countries. Nowadays, revivalist trends have become one of the most important currents in the contemporary art and ARCHITECTURE of Islamic countries. The literature shows that these trends, in addition to their strengths, also had several weaknesses. In Iran, along with the other trends in the developing countries, revivalism acts as a dominant trend in the scene of contemporary ARCHITECTURE. Revivalist trends in Iran, in search of a contemporary expression, decided to establish an outstanding model of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The highperformance ARCHITECTURE theory as a futuristic phenomenon is to outline a future for the ARCHITECTURE of the world especially for the future ARCHITECTURE of the developing countries such as Iran. The context analysis show that Islamic countries of the West of Asia and the North Africa (MENA) region and other Islamic countries. As a leading architectural theory, the highperformance ARCHITECTURE theory is to outline a framework for the interaction of technology and prosperity in order to meet "excellence". The main goal of research is to find the similarities and differences of the proposed theory with other competing theories in the Islamic countries. The main purpose of this study is to reunderstand the revivalist tendencies in Islamic countries, and to analyze their strengths and weaknesses in comparison with the highperformance ARCHITECTURE theory. The methodology of the research is based on abduction and logical argumentation research strategy. Regarding the "designerly" character of highperformance ARCHITECTURE theory, the methodology of the research is to include theory and practice simultaneously. Based on the outlined goal, the results of the research can provide a framework for comprehensive policies in the field of art and ARCHITECTURE of Islamic countries. From a methodological point of view, the research examines the revivalist theories and practices in the art and ARCHITECTURE of Islamic countries with the logical argumentation strategy. For the reasoning process, the research has adopted the descriptive-analytical methodology. In analyzing the effects and procedures, it uses semantic content analysis and modeling methods. Research with a forward-looking futuristic approach, seeking to draw what is the desired model of art and ARCHITECTURE, at the level of the 20-year vision document of the Islamic Republic of Iran; as an inspiring model for other Islamic countries. Research findings show that both anti-technology and anti-traditional trends have been doomed to fail in the field of practice. These reactionary trends led to a kind of "extreme traditionalism" or "imitation ARCHITECTURE" in the contemporary ARCHITECTURE of the developing countries such as Iran. The results show a weakness in understanding the context in order to have a futuristic and a conceptual perspective toward the future. The recent trends suffer from lack of integrity and comprehensive understanding. The results are petro-dollars for a hasty pastiche architectural style in some developing countries which results in environmentally catastrophe and energy-hungry style of development.The conclusion of the research underscores that an essential shortcoming of the existing theories in the field of art and ARCHITECTURE of Islamic countries is the lack of practicality in the field of "design", and the weakness of comprehensiveness in the field of "technology". It highlights that a successful ARCHITECTURE theory has to criticize the extremist traditionalism and the imitation-eclecticism in order to find a way toward the future. The highperformance ARCHITECTURE theory has to respect the context in order to learn from indigenous identity, and to adopt the new technologies in order to meet the excellence in design. In this perspective, it could be an alternative for the future of art and ARCHITECTURE in Islamic countries as well as the developing countries.

This paper examines in detail the little-known Friday Mosque (masjid-i jāmi‘) of Firdaus, located southwest of the Khurasan, which has had a key role in developing Saljuq ARCHITECTURE in the area. The original scheme of the mosque was unclear. The lofty īwān and two flanking dome chambers on the west (qibla) side of the courtyard are the central core of the mosque. The main aim of the article is to analyse the ARCHITECTURE of the mosque and demonstrate its association with the architectural style of the Saljuq mosque in the Khurasan area.  During the conservation and restoration measures in 2006, some fresh materials were unearthed. The new findings shed light on the original features of the mosque and revealed its formation. The paper describes the city's history, defines its architectural characteristics, and then analyses the present information for replying to the research questions. Owing to the outcomes of the archaeological investigation, the study suggests the general scheme of the mosque as a further example of the two- īwān mosque, which may be dated to the late years of the 6th /12th century. Despite the importance of the mosque, no lengthy study has been published about the building. The accurate drawing of the plan and sections of this monument, with the proposal scheme for the reconstruction of the mosque, are being published in this paper for the first time.

High level of energy consumption for heating and cooling in building during different seasons is one of the most important issues that effect the architectural design process. According to formal released statistics by proper channels, in 2014, 28 to 32 percent of the total energy consumed in houses. On the other hand about 25 percent of the carbon dioxide generated in this year, is the result of using fossil fuels in the commercial and residential sectors respectively. Literature review of the paper show that widespread use of electricity as a source of inner light emphasizes on the significance of daylight in building. On the other hand based on architectural design principles, the use of daylight in ARCHITECTURE has always been one of the concerns in architectural design based on psychological prerequisites. Therefore, due to the high level of energy consumption in the building sector in Islamic Republic of Iran, it is important to focus on available potentials in passive energy gain such as better architectural design. The actions in order to improve the quality of building from the standpoint of heat exchange control and how to use sunlight, results in significant saving in the total energy consumption. Literature review shows that light transform into heat because the long wavelength, or infrared, portion of the solar radiation resonates well with molecules in the material, thereby setting them into motion. Gained heat from solar radiation transforms into heat as well as imposes considerable amount of energy for summer cooling. On the other hand, Regular shading devices do not allow direct sunlight to pass the window glazing therefore these kinds of devices may result in increase in winter thermal load as well as increase in energy consumption. Self-shading in ARCHITECTURE design means, using techniques to create shadow on the surfaces of buildings that introduced during period specified and calculate by the designer. This paper is to contribute a procedure for improvement of building form regarding a better self-shading in order to produce a better energy efficient ARCHITECTURE. The paper investigates different strategies for optimization the use of sunlight during the cold and hot seasons. In other words, the main goal of this research is to study different aspects of sunlight and shading, especially thermal aspects of sunlight in building design. The paper estimates the impacts of applying self-shading as an energy efficient approach to improve the energy performance of building. Regarding the research objectives, the most important questions of the research are: 1) How self-shading affects energy consumption in building? 2) What types of buildings regarding to common buildings’ configuration of Tehran show a better performance in energy consumption? Methodology of the paper is based on quasi-experimental research strategies in empirical attitudes. Descriptive-analytic research method adopted as inference mechanism, commercially available simulation software adopted as research tool. The most influential tactic in this research is to analyses the role of self-shading in different types of buildings’ configuration regarding to level of energy consumption. Analysis and comparison of solar energy absorption by means of simulated models programmed to estimate optimum characteristics of building configuration. The adopted research methodology proposes usage of the concept of the Solar Collection Envelope (SCE) to analyze efficiency of different kinds of buildings’ configurations. Sustarc as a model for the design of the urban fabric with solar rights considerations adopted to analyze different types of building configurations. Using the SCE nomogram, the designer may determine the orientation and building profile, guarantees that it is self-shaded during a required period and permits insolation in winter. Therefore, the performance based SCE can be used for conceiving new solutions for the building form regarding to daylightophil ARCHITECTURE. To understand the role of self-shading in energy efficient ARCHITECTURE with particular reference to buildings configuration; contemporary buildings of Tehran adopted as case study of the research. In order to investigate the effect of self-shading in reducing the energy consumption of buildings, different building types should be analyzed and simulated to find optimum building types. Based on analysis in contemporary Iranian ARCHITECTURE and typical building form, sixteen common building forms selected by purpose from among Tehran Buildings. The results of simulation and modeling show that the application of self-shading method and shadows at the surrounding buildings by controlling the heat transfer to the indoor has a significant impact on energy efficiency in order to materialize a highperformance ARCHITECTURE. The results emphasized on the importance self-shading in reducing the energy consumption of building especially in cold and hot seasons. The simulation and modeling process shows that self-shading may be adopted as an influential tool to improve the energy performance of building, especially in Tehran as case study of the research. The results pave the way to understand impacts of self-shading on energy efficiency, by comparing the amount of radiant energy in various forms.

High performance polymers are commonly and widely used in advanced technologies and cover large varieties of applications such as micro and nanoelectronics, civil and military transportation, defense, etc. It is important for these technologies to design tailor-made high tech materials by focusing on molecular structure/processability/ properties relationships of high performance polymers such as heterocyclic polymers known for their outstanding thermal properties and their good mechanical behaviour or even functionalized polymers or inorganic polymers. Nowadays, there is a strong demand of such resins since the development of composites and recently nanocomposite materials. Of the high temperature polymers commercially available, one can cite poly(arylene ethers), polybenzimidazoles, resins from cyanates, resin from bismaleimides, organofluoro polymers, certain silicones and liquid crystalline polyesters. Polyimides and poly(arylene ether)s have attracted the attention of scientists and engineers  more than other polymers. This attention is not only due to the attractive combination of properties but also because polyimides and poly(arylene ether)s can be readily tailor- made for specific applications. This article gives an account of developments in high temperature organic polymers during the last 5 years with major emphasis on linear, hyperbranched or dendritic structures concerning polyimides family, polyphenylquinoxalines and end-capped polymers such as bis-maleimides, PMR-15 and acetylene-terminated resins, highlighting the chemical structure with their ultimate physico-mechanical properties and focusing on the parameters which govern their processability. Processability and different applications will be presented as films (membranes for fuel cell), photosensitive products (microelectronics) or prepregs.

Problem statement: The concept of “city” and the relationship between cities and their environment remain contentious issues within the current body of research. The introduction of the concept of “eco-comfort”, which simultaneously addresses both subjective and objective dimensions, has offered a novel avenue for advancing environmental knowledge, particularly in the realm of urban planning. The present study seeks to address the following question: How can we achieve “eco-comfort” criteria by differentiating between the concepts of “eco-comfort” and “livability” in the fields of environmental sciences, urban planning, and urban development? What insights do experts in this area provide?Research objective: This research aims to define and distinguish between the concepts of “livability” and “eco-comfort,” while systematically reviewing and reformulating eco-comfort criteria based on expert opinions. The goal is to establish a conceptual framework that can be integrated with other novel concepts related to urban development.Research method: The research is based on Highperformance ARCHITECTURE Theory to outline a concept for future cities, the present study used a systematic review, three-round Delphi method, and Shannon technique to formulate, scrutinize, and refine eco-comfort criteria, taking into account the conceptual hierarchy, which includes goal, approach, strategy, structure, component, criterion, and indicator.Conclusion: The results reveal that eco-comfort, encompassing 16 criteria developed, is a multifaceted concept that is not limited to the notion of livability. The weighting of these criteria using Shannon entropy indicates that criteria such as spatial justice, green transportation network, and efficient governance substantially influence the eco-comfort structure of a city. This suggests that achieving eco-comfort in urban spaces necessitates an alignment between physical components and socio-cultural values, supported by effective governance. The findings not only offer an operational model for assessing the eco-comfort of cities but also create opportunities for thoughtfully developing political and physical interventions to enhance it.

A Study of Geometry in Islamic ARCHITECTURE by Professor Golroo Najibaaghlou is a valuable work in the field of Islamic ARCHITECTURE. This book has a detailed preface, a brief introduction, and five main sections. As it is known from the introduction of the book, this book was originally written for a non-Iranian audience. The first purpose of writing this book is to try to moderate public belief about geometry and the stages of compilation and discussion in Islamic ARCHITECTURE. Another purpose is to correct the negative view of the geometric documentation of Islamic ARCHITECTURE in the West, because such a view has created a kind of reluctance to equate the works of Islamic ARCHITECTURE with the great works of classical Western ARCHITECTURE. In addition, Najibaaghlou wants to reject and respond to Western criticism that reduces Islamic ARCHITECTURE to the level of an unedited work. In the final chapter of the book, Najibaaghlou looks at the compiled documents of Islamic ARCHITECTURE from a Western perspective and highlights some of the missed points of geometric sciences, including clarifying conceptualization, recording, and transferring architectural design in the Islamic world.